tags

Anchor

Also see links below…

<a name="anchor-one">This is the location of anchor one.</a>

CDATA

CDATA sections in XML

In an XML document or external parsed entity, a CDATA section is a section of element content that is marked for the parser to interpret as only character data, not markup.

A CDATA section starts with the following sequence:

<![CDATA[

and ends with the first occurrence of the sequence:

]]>

All characters enclosed between these two sequences are interpreted as characters, not markup or entity references. For example, in a line like this:

<sender>John Smith</sender>

the opening and closing “sender” tags are interpreted as markup. However, if written like this:

<![CDATA[<sender>John Smith</sender>]]>

then the code is interpreted the same as if it had been written like this:

&lt;sender&gt;John Smith&lt;/sender&gt;

Comment

http://www.webheadstart.org/xhtml/comments/:

<!-- This is an example of a comment -->

<base>

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_base.asp

The base element specifies a base URL for all the links in a page.

Differences Between HTML and XHTML:

In HTML the <base> tag has no end tag.
In XHTML the <base> tag must be properly closed.

Note: The <base> tag must go inside the head element.

Example

Assume that the absolute address for an image is:

<img src="http://www.w3schools.com/images/smile.gif" />

Now we insert the <base> tag, which specifies a base URL for all of the links in a page, in the head section of a page:

<head>
  <base href="http://www.w3schools.com/images/" />
</head>

When inserting images on the page in the example above, we just have to specify the relative address, and the browser will look for that file using the full URL (http://www.w3schools.com/images/smile.gif):

<img src="smile.gif" />

<embed>

The easiest and “most supported” way to add video or sound to your web site is to include the special HTML tag called EMBED. This causes the browser itself to include controls for the multimedia. No ActiveX, Java, VBscript or JavaScript is needed for this method.

Note: Not recognized by the W3C HTML version 4.01 standard.

hr

Use this tag to display lines across the screen:

<hr />

Note: the horizontal rule tag has no ending tag like the line break tag.

img

<img src="angry.gif" alt="Angry face" />

The width and height attributes are optional but strongly recommended as they help the browser arrange the page more quickly:

<img src="image.jpg" width="200" height="150">

input

The input tag defines the start of an input field where the user can enter data.

In HTML the input tag has no end tag. In XHTML the input tag must be properly closed:

<form action="form_action.asp" method="get">
  First name:
  <input type="text" name="fname" value="Mickey" />
  <br />
  <input type="checkbox" name="mailing" value="mailing" />
  <br />
  <input type="checkbox" name="contact" value="contact" checked="checked" />
  <br />
  <input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>

Note: Only form elements with a name attribute will have their values passed when submitting a form.

hidden

<input type="hidden" id="age" name="age" value="23" />

label

<label for="male">Male</label>
<input type="radio" name="sex" id="male" />

Note: Using the for attribute will make your form more accessible to screen readers etc. For more information see: Use the label element to make your HTML forms accessible.

Links (URL)

Links:

<a href="./chapter2.html" title="Get chapter two.">chapter two</a>.

To open the page in another tab, use the target attribute:

<a
    target="_blank"
    title="English public holidays."
    href="http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Governmentcitizensandrights/LivingintheUK/DG_073741">
    We are not open during English public holidays.
</a>

Also see anchor above… a link defined in the file “two.html” in the same directory as “one.html” would refer to the anchor as follows:

<A href="./one.html#anchor-one"> anchor one</A>.

To ask that the browser download the file rather than open it:

<a href="/fs/Spring.mp4" download="Spring.mp4">
  Download
</a>

email

<a href="mailto:me@server.com?subject=Info&body=Please send information!">me@server.com</a>

select

(drop down list box):

<select name="cars">
  <option value = "volvo">Volvo</option>
  <option value = "saab">Saab</option>
  <option value = "opel" selected = "selected">Opel</option>
  <option value = "audi">Audi</option>
</select>

the value attribute indicates what is sent to the server.
selected specifies that the option will be displayed first in the list.

Note: If you don’t give the select control a name, then no value will be posted.

Table

<table border="1">
  <tr>
    <td>row 1, cell 1</td>
    <td>row 1, cell 2</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>row 2, cell 1</td>
    <td>row 2, cell 2</td>
  </tr>
</table>

Note: Table headers are with the th tag e.g:

<table border="1">
  <tr>
    <th>Header 1</th>
    <th>Header 2</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>row 1, cell 1</td>
    <td>row 1, cell 2</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>row 2, cell 1</td>
    <td>row 2, cell 2</td>
  </tr>
</table>

Align

<td align="right">100</td>

Width

<table width="100%">

Text Area

Defines a text-area (a multi-line text input control):

<textarea name="fname" rows="2" cols="20">
  The cat was playing in the garden.
</textarea>